Shoulder procedure information

Frozen shoulder

Frozen shoulder causes pain and progressive stiffness affecting shoulder movement and everyday activities. Symptoms often develop gradually and may affect sleep, reaching, dressing and overhead movement. Recovery can vary significantly between patients and symptoms may persist for many months to years.

Assessment and diagnosis

Assessment begins with a detailed discussion of symptoms, shoulder function, medical history and treatment goals, followed by careful examination of movement and shoulder strength. Imaging such as X-rays or MRI scanning may occasionally be recommended to exclude other causes of pain or stiffness and help guide treatment decisions.

Non-surgical options

Non-operative treatment may include physiotherapy, stretching exercises, pain relief medication, activity modification or injection therapy depending on symptoms and the stage of the condition. Many patients improve gradually over time with conservative management, although recovery may be prolonged.

Surgical treatment options

Surgical treatment may be considered when significant stiffness and pain persist despite non-operative management. Depending on the individual situation, treatment options may include manipulation under anaesthetic or arthroscopic release to improve shoulder movement and function.

Recovery after treatment

Recovery varies between patients and depends on the severity and duration of symptoms before treatment. Physiotherapy and exercises are commonly recommended during recovery to help restore movement and shoulder function. Improvement often continues gradually over time.

Risks and considerations

All procedures carry risks. Potential risks associated with frozen shoulder treatment may include infection, bleeding, fractures, stiffness, dislocations, persistent pain, nerve irritation or damage, or the need for further treatment. Specific risks and expected outcomes are discussed during consultation.

Frequently asked questions